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Chemical recycling using thermo-chemical processes (pyrolysis, gasification)   

In the pyrolysis process, plastic waste is heated in the absence of oxygen, so that the organic fraction of the waste is broken down into shorter molecules. The products obtained are divided into three fractions: liquid, solid and/or gaseous, which can be used either as fuels or as the source for new raw materials.  

The primary products formed in the pyrolysis of complex plastic mixtures are (in different proportions depending on the pyrolysed material):  

  • Gases, consisting mainly of CO, CO2, CH4, C2H6 and small amounts of other light hydrocarbons.  
  • Liquids, consisting of a complex mixture of different products, such as olefins, paraffins, ketones, acids, etc. Aromatic or non-aromatic compounds. 
  • Solids consisting of a carbonaceous residue (char) mixed with the inorganic components of the starting material (metals, fibres, etc.), which can be of a diverse nature depending on the pyrolysed material. 

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